Unión Española, ¿Es un club franquista?

Unión Española, ¿Es un club franquista?

Las selecciones de Chile y España siempre han tenido un pique peculiar, que a veces no ha honrado al protagonista de estas líneas, la Unión Española. Ambos conjuntos son conocidos como ‘La Roja’, un concepto que tuvo su eclosión en el Mundial de 2014, donde estaban encuadrados en el mismo grupo. En aquel momento, nació una iniciativa de una web chilena se extendió por todo el país desafiando a España que a quien ganara el partido, se quedaría con el sobrenombre mencionado. «Llegó el momento de recuperar lo que nos pertenece», se oía en el anuncio. Por una parte, no les faltaba razón a los chilenos, que se apodan ‘La Roja’ desde los años 40.

El ‘problema’ viene cuando Luis Aragonés asumió el cargo de seleccionador en 2004. A España se la conocía como ‘La Furia Roja’ pero el Sabio de Hortaleza afirmó en la rueda de prensa de su presentación que le gustaría que España tuviera una identidad. «Me gustaría que España fuera La Roja», alegó el entrenador que abrió el ciclo ganador de la selección.

 

Fake histórico

Lo cierto es que ambos conjuntos tienen el rojo en su camiseta desde los años 40. En el caso de Chile, se confirmó en 1946, aunque ya lo había llevado de este color en varias citas. Por otro lado, España vistió de rojo desde 1920 hasta 1934, pero durante la Guerra Civil y hasta 1945, el combinado nacional vistió el azul, el color que caracterizaba al bando golpista y no el rojo (republicanos o comunistas). Pero en 1947, el Delegado Nacional de Deportes, el general José Moscardó, devolvió el rojo para la camiseta titular, pasando el azul a la de visitante. Otra relación futbolera entre España y Chile es el equipo mencionado, Unión Española, uno de los cinco grandes del país chileno. Pero…¿Realmente tiene un origen franquista?

 

Unión ‘sangre’ Española

Se puede decir, según varios estudios, como el artículo ‘El pasado vuelve a marcar el presente: la emigración española’, realizado por varios integrantes de la Universidad de Valladolid y la Complutense de Madrid que España tuvo dos periodos de máxima salida de españoles al exterior. Uno de ellos está comprendido entre 1880 y 1935. A finales del siglo XIX, surgió una gran oleada de españoles emigrantes, como consecuencia del abandono del Estado de uno de los pilares económicos por aquel entonces, como era la agricultura. Como consecuencia, cuatro millones de españoles se marcharon a países de  Iberoamérica, formando un éxodo brutal. Además, no hay que olvidar que muchos españoles ya emigraron al país chileno entre los siglos XVI y XVIII, cuando Chile era parte del Imperio español.

De alguna de estas causas, nace lo que fue el Centro Español de Instrucción y Recreación el 18 de mayo de 1897, con el objetivo de ser un incentivo para aquellos inmigrantes españoles que no tenían los recursos económicos para acceder a los clubes sociales de la época. Formado por un grupo de españoles residentes en Chile, fue refundado de forma oficial el 12 de abril de 1934 tras la fusión entre la mencionada entidad con la Unión Deportiva Española (Proveniente del Club Ciclista Ibérico y el Club Impérico Balompié), pasándose a llamar Unión Española, su denominación actual.

 

¿Club franquista o pacificador?

Dicen que una imagen vale más que mil palabras pero en esta ocasión, la imagen es un bulo no visual pero si de contenido informativo. El escudo de la Unión Española es el Águila de San Juan. Hay que mencionar que en sus inicios, ‘La Furia Roja’ llevaba como emblema el León de Flandes. Pero a partir de 1935, por concurso, se establece el símbolo de los Reyes Católicos, sin saber, como es lógico, que un año después los fascistas adoptarían el mismo, con algunas modificaciones. Esto ha llevado a mal interpretaciones sobre el origen o los valores del club desde fuera de sus fronteras.

Hay que saber que la afición de la Unión Española tiene un valor patriótico honesto interesante. Como recuerdo a todos los españoles que emigraron a Chile, entre la afición en los partidos, se puede ver la bandera de España, la de Chile, la de Catalunya, la separatista catalana, la de Euskadi o la republicana. ¿El objetivo? Honrar a los padres, abuelos y bisabuelos que pasaron por el país chileno, independientemente de su origen e ideología. Por tanto, la totalidad de su afición rechaza el franquismo, así como la dictadura de Augusto Pinochet, el terror personificado en un Régimen Militar.

 

 

Unión Española, con toque español

Actualmente, aún tiene influencia española, ya que su propietario es el empresario Jorge Segovia y su presidente es Arturo Juarros. Por si fuera poco, es tradicionalmente conocido como ‘el equipo preferido de los periodistas’, por su estilo atractivo de fútbol. Además, es el segundo equipo que más veces ha jugado en Primera División, tan solo por detrás del Colo Colo. Asimismo, está en el top-5 de equipos con más títulos de Chile, con 7 ligas y 2 copas nacionales a su favor. Como curiosidad, es uno de los cuatro equipos que posee estadio propio en el país más largo del mundo.

 

 

Por tanto, la Unión Española representa un sentimiento histórico de varios siglos, que se recoge en este equipo que acepta a todos los españoles, chilenos o hispano-chilenos, sin ningún tipo de prejuicio. De forma inconsciente, la lección que da este club es la de no prejuzgar por la imagen sin conocer el trasfondo. Una vez más, la propaganda simbólica y bélica puede hacer confundir el verdadero origen de la historia, en este caso, el de la Unión Española.

 

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